{"id":187186,"date":"2026-06-04T09:26:40","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T07:26:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/?p=187186"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:26:40","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T07:26:40","slug":"icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/en\/2026\/06\/04\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\/","title":{"rendered":"ICCT: ‘PHEVs emit 5 times more CO2 in real-world conditions’"},"content":{"rendered":"

A study by the International Council on Clean Transportation<\/a> (ICCT) shows that plug-in hybrids in Europe emit, on average, five times more CO\u2082 than official test values suggest. According to the study, the gap between real-world and certified emissions is particularly large for plug-in hybrids compared to other powertrain types, and continues to widen.<\/p>\n

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In Europe, plug-in hybrids accounted for 9% of all new passenger car registrations in 2025. Plug-in hybrids can be powered both electrically and by an internal combustion engine. \u201cWhile carmakers market this versatility as a win for consumers and the climate alike, multiple reports have disputed the reliability of official fuel consumption and CO2 emissions figures,\u201d the ICCT states in its study.<\/p>\n

The issue: when plug-in hybrids are not charged regularly, they consume significantly more fuel because the hybrid powertrain makes them relatively heavy. The ICCT now quantifies this problem with new data: \u201cThe gap between real-world and official emissions values grew from 265% in 2021 to 400% in 2023, on average across all manufacturers,\u201d according to the ICCT researchers.<\/p>\n

Three causal factors<\/h4>\n

At its core, the ICCT identifies three factors that undermine the CO\u2082 balance of plug-in hybrids: Firstly, the vehicles are charged less frequently than expected, and the electric mode is used less than theoretically assumed when calculating CO\u2082 emissions.<\/p>\n

Secondly, the internal combustion engine often supports the electric motor even during \u2018pure electric driving\u2019. And thirdly,\u00a0the weight of two powertrains increases the overall energy demand<\/p>\n

The conclusion: manufacturers have reported excessively low CO\u2082 emissions for their plug-in hybrids for years, and this powertrain stands out extremely compared to other drive types. According to ICCT calculations, the \u2018gap\u2019 equates to approximately 100 megatons of CO\u2082 emissions from new registrations between 2021 and 2025, emissions that have been factored into the EU\u2019s CO\u2082 reduction targets without actually being saved.<\/p>\n

To estimate this emissions gap, the ICCT relied on its own analyses of plug-in hybrids and registration data from the European Environment Agency, applying \u2018an assumed lifetime mileage of 240,000 kilometers in line with standard ICCT methodology.\u2019 The real-world emissions gap averaged 99 g CO\u2082\/km between 2021 and 2023.<\/p>\n

Furthermore: \u201cThe real-world gap averaged 99 g CO2\/km across 2021\u20132023, and with roughly 840,000 new PHEVs registered annually in the EEA, this amounts to approximately 20 megatons of unaccounted CO2<\/sub> per year, totaling around 100 megatons over the 2021\u20132025 period, equivalent to approximately 42 billion liters of additional fuel consumed.\u201d<\/p>\n

‘A shockingly high gap’<\/h4>\n

The study analyzed 8 million vehicles, including conventional petrol and diesel cars and their hybrid variants. While official and real-world values also diverge for normal internal combustion engines, the discrepancy is far less pronounced than for part-time electric vehicles.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe gap of plug-in hybrids is shockingly high, but this should not distract from the fact that the gap of conventional vehicles, which still make up the majority of vehicle sales in the EU, is also considerably high at 20%. As a consequence, we didn\u2019t see any notable reductions in the real-world CO2 emissions of vehicles with a combustion engine over the past years,\u201d explained Jan Dornoff, Senior Researcher at the ICCT and co-author of the study.<\/p>\n

Across all drive types, the officially reported CO\u2082 emissions for new cars in Europe fell by 28% between 2018 and 2023, while real-world emissions decreased by only 15%, according to the ICCT. As expected, battery-electric vehicles made the largest contribution. However, for internal combustion engines, the reduction in average real-world emissions during this period was, in fact, only 1% according to the analysts.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Source: ICCT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

“Plug-in hybrids consume far more fuel on the road than official figures suggest. This study reinforces earlier findings, including our own. Unless regulators address this flaw, carmakers will continue to report emissions that are far lower than those produced in real-world driving,\u201d warned Sonsoles D\u00edaz, ICCT Senior Researcher.<\/p>\n

Future corrections<\/h4>\n

The European Commission has now recognized the problem. In 2025, the calculation formula for the so-called utility factor was adjusted to enable more realistic estimates. A further correction is planned for 2027. However, the EU\u2019s CO\u2082 reduction targets for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles are currently being renegotiated in the European Parliament, and a preliminary draft proposes suspending future corrections.<\/p>\n

Dr Peter Mock, Europe Managing Director of the ICCT, commented: \u201cEven with the 2025 correction, emissions on the road are not accurately estimated. And the worrying trend is that new models are not emitting less but more. Even if carmakers claim that consumers drive more kilometers in electric mode, the reality is something else.\u201d<\/p>\n

The original title of the new study is \u2018On the way to \u2018real-world\u2019 CO\u2082 values? Evidence from 2021\u20132023 on-board fuel consumption monitoring data in the European passenger car market.\u2019 This report is the tenth edition of the ICCT\u2019s series From Laboratory to Road<\/a>.<\/p>\n

For the first time, the analysis combined data from two sources: on-board fuel consumption data from around 8 million vehicles registered in Europe between 2021 and 2023 and reported to EU authorities, and self-collected consumption data from 300,000 vehicles registered in Germany between 2021 and 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A study by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) shows that plug-in hybrids in Europe emit, on average, five times more CO\u2082 than official test values suggest. According to the study, the gap between real-world and certified emissions is particularly large for plug-in hybrids compared to other powertrain types, and continues to widen. In […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":187199,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29,28,16,25,77163,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-187186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-europe","category-industry","category-legislation","category-survey","category-top-stories-today"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=2048%2C1234&ssl=1",2048,1234,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=300%2C181&ssl=1",300,181,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=640%2C386&ssl=1",640,386,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=640%2C386&ssl=1",640,386,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=1536%2C926&ssl=1",1536,926,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=2048%2C1234&ssl=1",2048,1234,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=18%2C12&ssl=1",18,12,true],"related-thumb":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1",640,480,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=400%2C400&ssl=1",400,400,true],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1",600,600,true],"mailchimp":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=560%2C337&ssl=1",560,337,true],"unipress-phone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=640%2C100&ssl=1",640,100,true],"unipress-tablet":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=1536%2C240&ssl=1",1536,240,true],"unipress-tablet-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=1536%2C180&ssl=1",1536,180,true],"unipress-tablet-landscape":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=2048%2C180&ssl=1",2048,180,true],"unipress-smartphone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=1080%2C168&ssl=1",1080,168,true],"unipress-wide-screen":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?resize=2048%2C180&ssl=1",2048,180,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"

A study by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) shows that plug-in hybrids in Europe emit, on average, five times more CO\u2082 than official test values suggest. According to the study, the gap between real-world and certified emissions is particularly large for plug-in hybrids compared to other powertrain types, and continues to widen. In Europe, plug-in hybrids accounted for 9% of all new passenger car registrations in 2025. Plug-in hybrids can be powered both electrically and by an internal combustion engine. \u201cWhile carmakers market this versatility as a win for consumers and the climate alike, multiple reports have disputed…<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Environment<\/a>, Europe<\/a>, Industry<\/a>, Legislation<\/a>, Survey<\/a>, Top Stories Today<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"Tony Verhelle","url":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/en\/author\/toverbel\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","yoast_head":"\nICCT: 'PHEVs emit 5 times more CO2 in real-world conditions' - newmobility.news<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/en\/2026\/06\/04\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ICCT: 'PHEVs emit 5 times more CO2 in real-world conditions' - newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A study by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) shows that plug-in hybrids in Europe emit, on average, five times more CO\u2082 than official test values suggest. According to the study, the gap between real-world and certified emissions is particularly large for plug-in hybrids compared to other powertrain types, and continues to widen. In […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/en\/2026\/06\/04\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/search\/top\/?q=newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-04T07:26:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Scherm\u00adafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1234\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Tony Verhelle\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@jorisvry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@jorisvry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Tony Verhelle\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Tony Verhelle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2ff3ee98a47b47a64547742d0f598008\"},\"headline\":\"ICCT: ‘PHEVs emit 5 times more CO2 in real-world conditions’\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-04T07:26:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":829,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/newmobility.news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-06-04-om-08.28.22.png?fit=2048%2C1234&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Environment\",\"Europe\",\"Industry\",\"Legislation\",\"Survey\",\"Top Stories Today\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/04\\\/icct-phevs-emit-5-times-more-co2-in-real-world-conditions\\\/\",\"name\":\"ICCT: 'PHEVs emit 5 times more CO2 in real-world conditions' - 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