{"id":182832,"date":"2026-03-13T12:15:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T11:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/?p=182832"},"modified":"2026-03-13T11:12:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T10:12:13","slug":"esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/03\/13\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\/","title":{"rendered":"L'ESA lance de nouveaux satellites en orbite basse pour am\u00e9liorer le syst\u00e8me GPS europ\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"

L'europ\u00e9en L'Agence spatiale europ\u00e9enne (ESA) lancera une nouvelle s\u00e9rie de satellites dans l'espace \u00e0 partir du 24 mars. L'objectif est de cr\u00e9er une nouvelle couche de satellites volant \u00e0 basse altitude qui rendra le syst\u00e8me de navigation europ\u00e9en plus robuste, plus s\u00fbr et plus r\u00e9sistant, y compris contre les attaques ext\u00e9rieures.\u00a0<\/span>Mais la pr\u00e9cision et la vitesse devraient \u00e9galement s'am\u00e9liorer, ce qui est important pour les drones et les voitures autonomes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Galileo, le syst\u00e8me de navigation europ\u00e9en op\u00e9rationnel depuis 2016, est actuellement compos\u00e9 de 28 satellites en orbite autour de la Terre \u00e0 plus de 23 000 kilom\u00e8tres d'altitude. La mission \u2018Celeste\u2019 vise \u00e0 en ajouter onze autres pour rendre Galileo encore plus rapide et plus pr\u00e9cis. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande<\/h4>\n

Les nouveaux satellites en orbite basse se d\u00e9placeront \u00e0 environ 500 kilom\u00e8tres. Ils renforceront le syst\u00e8me, amplifieront les signaux, am\u00e9lioreront la pr\u00e9cision et la vitesse, et augmenteront la r\u00e9sistance au brouillage (blocage des signaux), au spoofing (envoi de faux signaux) et aux cyberattaques.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les deux premiers satellites de la mission Celeste LEO-PNT (Low Earth Orbit Positioning, Navigation, and Timing) de l'ESA devraient d\u00e9coller le 24 mars d'une plateforme situ\u00e9e en Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pourquoi la navigation par satellite est-elle si importante ?<\/h4>\n

Les satellites de navigation sont utilis\u00e9s pour bien plus que des cartes. Ils assurent le positionnement des smartphones, des voitures (autopilot\u00e9es), des navires, des avions et des drones, ainsi que la synchronisation pr\u00e9cise des r\u00e9seaux de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, la synchronisation d'Internet, les transactions bancaires et les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques. Les infrastructures modernes d\u00e9pendent fortement de ces signaux.<\/p>\n

La navigation par satellite fonctionne en mesurant le temps de parcours du signal. Les signaux radio se d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant \u00e0 la vitesse de la lumi\u00e8re, toute erreur temporelle, m\u00eame minime, entra\u00eene d'importantes erreurs de positionnement. Par exemple, une erreur d'horloge d'une milliseconde peut entra\u00eener une erreur de navigation d'environ 300 kilom\u00e8tres.<\/p>\n

Conflits g\u00e9opolitiques<\/h4>\n

Un syst\u00e8me de navigation robuste peut \u00e9galement aider \u00e0 faire face aux pannes d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 (comme celle qui a touch\u00e9 l'Espagne et le Portugal en avril 2025), par exemple en permettant de passer d'un r\u00e9seau \u00e0 l'autre. La couche satellitaire suppl\u00e9mentaire peut \u00e9galement jouer un r\u00f4le utile dans la d\u00e9fense europ\u00e9enne. En effet, le r\u00e9seau de navigation europ\u00e9en est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement confront\u00e9 au brouillage et \u00e0 la manipulation. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dans certaines r\u00e9gions, les risques sont encore plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s en raison de conflits militaires ou g\u00e9opolitiques. C'est pourquoi l'ESA souhaite cr\u00e9er un \u2018syst\u00e8me multi-orbite\u2019 \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux afin de rendre l'ensemble du r\u00e9seau encore plus robuste, plus r\u00e9sistant et donc plus s\u00fbr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Syst\u00e8me de positionnement global<\/h4>\n

Le pendant am\u00e9ricain de Galileo, le GPS (Global Positioning System), est op\u00e9rationnel depuis 1995. <\/span>Le GPS a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u \u00e0 l'origine pour un usage militaire, tandis que Galileo a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part pour la navigation civile de pr\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

Aujourd'hui, la plupart des appareils utilisent plusieurs syst\u00e8mes simultan\u00e9ment. Toutefois, en Europe, les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones portables reposent souvent sur le syst\u00e8me de navigation Galileo, car ses signaux sont plus puissants et plus pr\u00e9cis, en particulier dans les environnements urbains.\u00a0<\/span>L'Europe ayant construit le syst\u00e8me, la g\u00e9om\u00e9trie de la constellation est optimis\u00e9e pour les latitudes europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The European Space Agency (ESA) will launch a new series of satellites into space starting March 24. The goal is to create a new layer of low-flying satellites that will make the European navigation system more robust, secure, and resilient, including against external attacks.\u00a0But precision and speed should also improve, which is important for drones […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":182838,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[77152,28,7,6,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-182832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation","category-europe","category-mobility","category-technology","category-top-stories-today"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=1027%2C586&ssl=1",1027,586,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=300%2C171&ssl=1",300,171,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=640%2C365&ssl=1",640,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=640%2C365&ssl=1",640,365,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=1027%2C586&ssl=1",1027,586,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=1027%2C586&ssl=1",1027,586,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=18%2C10&ssl=1",18,10,true],"related-thumb":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1",640,480,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=400%2C400&ssl=1",400,400,true],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=600%2C586&ssl=1",600,586,true],"mailchimp":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=560%2C320&ssl=1",560,320,true],"unipress-phone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=640%2C100&ssl=1",640,100,true],"unipress-tablet":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=1027%2C240&ssl=1",1027,240,true],"unipress-tablet-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=1027%2C180&ssl=1",1027,180,true],"unipress-tablet-landscape":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=1027%2C180&ssl=1",1027,180,true],"unipress-smartphone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=1027%2C168&ssl=1",1027,168,true],"unipress-wide-screen":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?resize=1027%2C180&ssl=1",1027,180,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"

The European Space Agency (ESA) will launch a new series of satellites into space starting March 24. The goal is to create a new layer of low-flying satellites that will make the European navigation system more robust, secure, and resilient, including against external attacks.\u00a0But precision and speed should also improve, which is important for drones and self-driving cars. Galileo, the European navigation system operational since 2016, currently consists of 28 satellites orbiting Earth at altitudes over 23,000 kilometers. The ‘Celeste’ mission aims to add eleven more to make Galileo even faster and more precise. New Zealand The new low-orbit satellites…<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Aviation<\/a>, Europe<\/a>, Mobility<\/a>, Technology<\/a>, Top Stories Today<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"Hilde Van Raemdonck","url":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/author\/hilde-van-raemdonck\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","yoast_head":"\nESA launches new low-orbit satellites to improve European GPS system - newmobility.news<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/03\/13\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ESA launches new low-orbit satellites to improve European GPS system - newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The European Space Agency (ESA) will launch a new series of satellites into space starting March 24. The goal is to create a new layer of low-flying satellites that will make the European navigation system more robust, secure, and resilient, including against external attacks.\u00a0But precision and speed should also improve, which is important for drones […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/03\/13\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/search\/top\/?q=newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-13T11:15:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=1027%2C586&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1027\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"586\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hilde Van Raemdonck\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@jorisvry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@jorisvry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hilde Van Raemdonck\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hilde Van Raemdonck\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e57c278780b041b8d42f2ce28dd9ec82\"},\"headline\":\"ESA launches new low-orbit satellites to improve European GPS system\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-13T11:15:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":422,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/newmobility.news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-03-13-om-09.55.05.png?fit=1027%2C586&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Aviation\",\"Europe\",\"Mobility\",\"Technology\",\"Top Stories Today\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/newmobility.news\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/13\\\/esa-launches-new-low-orbit-satellites-to-improve-european-gps-system\\\/\",\"name\":\"ESA launches new low-orbit satellites to improve European GPS system - 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