{"id":195067,"date":"2026-10-02T12:30:17","date_gmt":"2026-10-02T10:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/?p=195067"},"modified":"2026-10-02T12:07:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T10:07:35","slug":"te-europe-can-build-the-batteries-but-who-owns-the-tech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/10\/02\/te-europe-can-build-the-batteries-but-who-owns-the-tech\/","title":{"rendered":"T&E : L'Europe est capable de fabriquer des batteries, mais \u00e0 qui appartient la technologie ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Transport et environnement<\/a> affirme que l'Europe est en bonne voie pour produire suffisamment de cellules de batterie afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 sa propre demande d'ici 2030. Sur le papier, cela semble constituer une avanc\u00e9e majeure vers l'ind\u00e9pendance vis-\u00e0-vis de l'Asie. Mais les r\u00e9cents \u00e9checs, les retards et les nouveaux investissements chinois en Europe montrent que la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est plus complexe.<\/p>\n

Selon l'organisation de d\u00e9fense de l'environnement T&E, l'Europe devrait disposer d'une capacit\u00e9 de production suffisante en cellules de batterie d'ici la fin de la d\u00e9cennie, \u00e0 condition que les projets actuellement jug\u00e9s r\u00e9alistes se concr\u00e9tisent effectivement.<\/p>\n

L'organisation fait valoir que l'Europe passe d'une p\u00e9nurie d'usines de batteries \u00e0 une situation o\u00f9 la production nationale est en mesure de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande en voitures \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

C'est tout \u00e0 fait possible. De grandes usines de batteries sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 en activit\u00e9 dans des pays comme la Pologne, la Hongrie et l'Allemagne, tandis que de nouvelles usines sont en cours de construction en France, en Espagne et ailleurs.<\/p>\n

Il existe toutefois une distinction importante entre les batteries fabriqu\u00e9es en Europe et celles produites par des entreprises europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n

Northvolt a mis en \u00e9vidence les risques<\/h4>\n

L'industrie europ\u00e9enne des batteries a connu plusieurs revers ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. L'exemple le plus frappant est celui de Northvolt. Cette entreprise su\u00e9doise \u00e9tait autrefois consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme le meilleur atout de l'Europe pour cr\u00e9er un concurrent local capable de rivaliser avec les grands fabricants asiatiques de batteries.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 des milliards d'euros d'investissements et des commandes pass\u00e9es par de grands constructeurs automobiles, Northvolt a eu du mal \u00e0 faire fonctionner ses usines \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle requise et a fini par faire faillite.<\/p>\n

D'autres projets europ\u00e9ens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 report\u00e9s, revus \u00e0 la baisse ou annul\u00e9s. Automotive Cells Company, soutenue par Stellantis et Mercedes-Benz, a \u00e9galement revu \u00e0 la baisse certains aspects de ses projets d'expansion.<\/p>\n

T&E reconna\u00eet elle-m\u00eame qu'environ un quart de la capacit\u00e9 de batteries annonc\u00e9e en Europe depuis 2022 a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 annul\u00e9e ou suspendue. Les pr\u00e9visions pour 2030 sont donc moins certaines que ne le laissent entendre les chiffres avanc\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Fabriqu\u00e9 en Europe, d\u00e9tenu ailleurs<\/h4>\n

Une autre question concerne la propri\u00e9t\u00e9. Des groupes asiatiques tels que LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI, SK On et CATL d\u00e9tiennent une part importante de la production europ\u00e9enne actuelle de batteries. T&E estime que plus de 70% de la capacit\u00e9 active europ\u00e9enne de production de cellules de batterie est actuellement contr\u00f4l\u00e9e par des entreprises non europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n

Cela ne rend pas pour autant ces usines moins utiles. Une batterie fabriqu\u00e9e en Hongrie ou en Pologne permet tout de m\u00eame de cr\u00e9er des emplois en Europe et de r\u00e9duire la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d'importer des cellules finies d'Asie. Mais cela signifie \u00e9galement que l'Europe reste d\u00e9pendante d'entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res pour une grande partie de la technologie et du savoir-faire n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n

Volkswagen en est un bon exemple. Le constructeur automobile allemand renforce sa coop\u00e9ration avec Gotion, sp\u00e9cialiste chinois des batteries, dont VW est d\u00e9j\u00e0 l'un des principaux actionnaires.<\/p>\n

Gotion a r\u00e9cemment annonc\u00e9 de nouvelles avanc\u00e9es dans le domaine des batteries \u00e0 \u00e9lectrolyte solide. Celles-ci remplacent l'\u00e9lectrolyte liquide des batteries actuelles par un mat\u00e9riau solide et sont largement consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme l'une des prochaines grandes avanc\u00e9es pour les voitures \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n

En th\u00e9orie, elles permettent de stocker beaucoup plus d'\u00e9nergie par unit\u00e9 de poids, tout en renfor\u00e7ant la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et en r\u00e9duisant potentiellement les temps de recharge.<\/p>\n

Plus de 400 Wh\/kg<\/h4>\n

Gotion affirme que ses cellules \u00e0 \u00e9lectrolyte solide Jinshi ont pass\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s des tests de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 rigoureux portant sur la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la perforation et aux temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es, et vise d\u00e9sormais une densit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de 400 Wh\/kg.<\/p>\n

Cela repr\u00e9senterait pr\u00e8s du double des quelque 205 Wh\/kg atteints par les meilleures cellules LFP actuelles, et environ 50% de plus que les quelque 265 Wh\/kg possibles avec les batteries NMC \u00e0 haute \u00e9nergie. Ses cellules \u00e0 \u00e9tat solide de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration pilote actuelles atteindraient d\u00e9j\u00e0, selon ses dires, environ 350 Wh\/kg.<\/p>\n

Gotion a mis en place une production pilote et con\u00e7u une ligne de production d'une capacit\u00e9 de 2 GWh, m\u00eame si la production en s\u00e9rie n'est pas pr\u00e9vue avant plusieurs ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Cette technologie pr\u00e9sente donc un int\u00e9r\u00eat qui va bien au-del\u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences en laboratoire. Si les batteries \u00e0 \u00e9tat solide peuvent \u00e0 terme \u00eatre produites en s\u00e9rie \u00e0 un co\u00fbt abordable, elles pourraient permettre aux voitures \u00e9lectriques de parcourir de plus longues distances sans avoir besoin de batteries toujours plus volumineuses et plus lourdes.<\/p>\n

Gotion vise \u00e9galement \u00e0 ramener le co\u00fbt \u00e0 environ $150 par kWh. Ce prix resterait toutefois pr\u00e8s de trois fois sup\u00e9rieur aux $50\u201360\/kWh environ actuellement pratiqu\u00e9s pour les cellules LFP chinoises produites en s\u00e9rie, ce qui montre que les batteries \u00e0 \u00e9lectrolyte solide resteraient dans un premier temps une technologie haut de gamme.<\/p>\n

Pour l'Europe, cependant, la question essentielle est de savoir qui d\u00e9veloppe cette nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de technologies de batteries. Gotion est une entreprise chinoise, mais elle s'implique de plus en plus \u00e9troitement aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de Volkswagen et de ses activit\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes dans le domaine des batteries.<\/p>\n

La prochaine d\u00e9pendance ?<\/h4>\n

Cela cr\u00e9e une situation quelque peu paradoxale. L'Europe pourrait construire suffisamment d'usines de batteries pour approvisionner sa propre industrie automobile tout en continuant \u00e0 d\u00e9pendre fortement des entreprises chinoises ou cor\u00e9ennes pour la technologie utilis\u00e9e dans ces usines.<\/p>\n

Le m\u00eame probl\u00e8me se pose \u00e0 un niveau sup\u00e9rieur de la cha\u00eene d'approvisionnement. L'Europe importe encore une grande partie des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res transform\u00e9es n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication des cellules de batterie, notamment en provenance de Chine.<\/p>\n

La conclusion principale de T&E n\u2019est donc pas forc\u00e9ment irr\u00e9aliste. L\u2019Europe pourrait en effet disposer d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 physique suffisante de production de batteries d\u2019ici 2030. Mais cela ne revient pas \u00e0 dire que l\u2019Europe disposera d\u2019une industrie des batteries autonome.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Transport & Environment says Europe is on track to produce enough battery cells to meet its own demand by 2030. On paper, that sounds like a major step toward independence from Asia. But recent failures, delays, and new Chinese investments in Europe show that the reality is more complicated. According to the environmental lobby group […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":195070,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\r\n\r\n{excerpt}\r\n\r\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[77162,77160,28,6,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-195067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-batteries","category-china","category-europe","category-technology","category-top-stories-today"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=2000%2C1333&ssl=1",2000,1333,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=300%2C200&ssl=1",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=640%2C427&ssl=1",640,427,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=640%2C426&ssl=1",640,426,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=1536%2C1024&ssl=1",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=2000%2C1333&ssl=1",2000,1333,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=18%2C12&ssl=1",18,12,true],"related-thumb":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1",640,480,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=400%2C400&ssl=1",400,400,true],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1",600,600,true],"mailchimp":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?fit=560%2C373&ssl=1",560,373,true],"unipress-phone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=640%2C100&ssl=1",640,100,true],"unipress-tablet":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=1536%2C240&ssl=1",1536,240,true],"unipress-tablet-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=1536%2C180&ssl=1",1536,180,true],"unipress-tablet-landscape":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=2000%2C180&ssl=1",2000,180,true],"unipress-smartphone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=1080%2C168&ssl=1",1080,168,true],"unipress-wide-screen":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/VW-.jpg?resize=2000%2C180&ssl=1",2000,180,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"

Transport & Environment says Europe is on track to produce enough battery cells to meet its own demand by 2030. On paper, that sounds like a major step toward independence from Asia. But recent failures, delays, and new Chinese investments in Europe show that the reality is more complicated. According to the environmental lobby group T&E, Europe should have sufficient battery-cell production capacity by the end of the decade, provided that the projects currently considered realistic actually materialize. The organization argues that Europe is moving from a shortage of battery factories to a situation in which domestic production can meet…<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Batteries<\/a>, China<\/a>, Europe<\/a>, Technology<\/a>, Top Stories Today<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"Joris Van Roy","url":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/author\/jorisximcom-be\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","yoast_head":"\nT&E: Europe can build the batteries, but who owns the tech? - newmobility.news<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/10\/02\/te-europe-can-build-the-batteries-but-who-owns-the-tech\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T&E: Europe can build the batteries, but who owns the tech? - newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Transport & Environment says Europe is on track to produce enough battery cells to meet its own demand by 2030. On paper, that sounds like a major step toward independence from Asia. But recent failures, delays, and new Chinese investments in Europe show that the reality is more complicated. 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