{"id":196669,"date":"2026-10-27T12:25:44","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T11:25:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/?p=196669"},"modified":"2026-10-27T10:18:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T09:18:39","slug":"worlds-largest-electric-ferry-makes-waves-but-range-remains-challenge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/10\/27\/worlds-largest-electric-ferry-makes-waves-but-range-remains-challenge\/","title":{"rendered":"Le plus grand ferry \u00e9lectrique du monde fait des vagues, mais son autonomie reste un d\u00e9fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le plus grand ferry \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 batterie au monde a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 transporter des passagers entre l'Argentine et l'Uruguay. Dot\u00e9 d'une batterie gigantesque de 41 MWh, soit l'\u00e9quivalent de plus de 500 voitures \u00e9lectriques, ce catamaran de 130 m\u00e8tres marque une \u00e9tape d\u00e9cisive dans l'\u00e9lectrification du transport maritime.<\/p>\n

Mais son parcours relativement court, de 55 km, soul\u00e8ve une question plus importante : les batteries pourront-elles un jour alimenter des navires sur des distances bien plus longues, ou l'hydrog\u00e8ne et les carburants alternatifs devront-ils prendre le relais ?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le Chine Zorrilla<\/em>, un catamaran en aluminium de 130 m\u00e8tres construit par le chantier naval australien Incat Tasmania, a effectu\u00e9 sa premi\u00e8re travers\u00e9e commerciale entre Buenos Aires et Colonia le 22 octobre. Exploit\u00e9 par Buquebus, il peut transporter 2 100 passagers et 225 v\u00e9hicules et atteindre une vitesse de 25 n\u0153uds (46 km\/h).<\/p>\n

Nomm\u00e9 en l'honneur d'une c\u00e9l\u00e8bre actrice uruguayenne, ce ferry avait initialement \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u pour fonctionner au diesel et au GNL. Au cours de sa construction, ses armateurs ont toutefois d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de renoncer compl\u00e8tement aux moteurs \u00e0 combustion.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9sultat est une installation \u00e9lectrique exceptionnelle : plus de 250 tonnes de batteries, fournies par Corvus Energy, offrant une capacit\u00e9 de stockage de 41,2 MWh.<\/p>\n

Huit propulseurs \u00e0 jet d'eau \u00e0 entra\u00eenement \u00e9lectrique permettent au navire de naviguer sur le R\u00edo de la Plata sans \u00e9missions polluantes ni le bruit et les vibrations caract\u00e9ristiques des moteurs diesel.<\/p>\n

Un record du monde avec les qualifications<\/h4>\n

Incat le pr\u00e9sente comme le plus grand navire \u00e0 propulsion \u00e9lectrique au monde, m\u00eame si ce titre d\u00e9pend de la d\u00e9finition retenue. Le ferry norv\u00e9gien \u00ab Bast\u00f8 Electric \u00bb est plus long, avec ses 139 m\u00e8tres, tandis que le porte-conteneurs chinois \u00ab COSCO Green Water 01 \u00bb disposerait, selon certaines sources, d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de batteries plus puissant, d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 de 50 MWh.<\/p>\n

Ce qui rend le \u00ab China Zorrilla \u00bb exceptionnel, c'est la combinaison de sa taille, de sa capacit\u00e9 d'accueil, de sa vitesse et de sa propulsion enti\u00e8rement \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n

L'investissement est tout aussi impressionnant. La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 financi\u00e8re internationale (SFI) de la Banque mondiale estime le co\u00fbt total du projet \u00e0 environ $184 millions, infrastructures de recharge et de transport d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 comprises.<\/p>\n

Pourquoi un ferry a-t-il besoin d'autant d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ?<\/h4>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 une voiture qui roule sur des roues, un navire doit surmonter la r\u00e9sistance de l'eau, dont la densit\u00e9 est environ 800 fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de l'air. Les navires rapides consomment \u00e9galement beaucoup d'\u00e9nergie en g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des vagues.<\/p>\n

Les coques planantes permettent de r\u00e9duire la tra\u00een\u00e9e en soulevant une grande partie du navire hors de l'eau, mais cela n\u00e9cessite une puissance consid\u00e9rable. Le super-yacht Mangusta 165 REV de 50 m\u00e8tres, par exemple, a besoin de 10 400 hp (7,8 MW) pour atteindre 35 n\u0153uds. Le China Zorrilla adopte une approche diff\u00e9rente, en utilisant deux coques longues et \u00e9lanc\u00e9es de type \u00ab wave-piercing \u00bb pour minimiser la r\u00e9sistance sans planer.<\/p>\n

La relation entre la vitesse et la consommation d'\u00e9nergie est particuli\u00e8rement implacable. Selon un mod\u00e8le simplifi\u00e9, r\u00e9duire la vitesse de 25 \u00e0 20 n\u0153uds permettrait de diminuer de pr\u00e8s de moiti\u00e9 les besoins en puissance de propulsion.<\/p>\n

Cela ne signifie pas pour autant que les navires soient intrins\u00e8quement inefficaces. Les grands navires de fret, qui naviguent lentement, peuvent transporter des marchandises avec une consommation d\u2019\u00e9nergie par tonne-kilom\u00e8tre exceptionnellement faible. Il en va tout autrement des ferries \u00e0 grande vitesse destin\u00e9s au transport de passagers.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Dans la salle des batteries de China Zorrilla, des milliers de modules constituent un gigantesque syst\u00e8me de stockage d'\u00e9nergie d'une capacit\u00e9 de 41,2 MWh, pesant plus de 250 tonnes \/Incat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une infrastructure de recharge d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 haute puissance install\u00e9e dans les deux terminaux, le China Zorrilla peut effectuer la travers\u00e9e en environ 90 minutes. Les temps de recharge indiqu\u00e9s vont d\u2019environ 40 minutes pour une recharge partielle \u00e0 des dur\u00e9es nettement plus longues pour une recharge compl\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

L'infrastructure \u00e9lectrique de Colonia a \u00e9t\u00e9 modernis\u00e9e pour offrir une capacit\u00e9 d'environ 15 MW. \u00c0 ce niveau de puissance, il faut au moins 40 minutes pour recharger seulement 10 MWh, hors pertes.<\/p>\n

La consommation r\u00e9elle d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 par travers\u00e9e n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e publiquement, ce qui rend difficile toute comparaison fiable avec les ferries conventionnels.<\/p>\n

L'hydrog\u00e8ne serait-il une meilleure solution ?<\/h4>\n

L'hydrog\u00e8ne contient nettement plus d'\u00e9nergie par kilogramme que les batteries, ce qui pourrait permettre d'effectuer des voyages plus longs sans avoir \u00e0 transporter des centaines de tonnes de syst\u00e8mes de stockage d'\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n

Mais la production d'hydrog\u00e8ne vert, sa compression ou sa liqu\u00e9faction, puis sa reconversion en \u00e9lectricit\u00e9 via des piles \u00e0 combustible entra\u00eenent des pertes consid\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n

Alors que la propulsion directe par batterie permet de convertir environ 80% d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau en \u00e9nergie de propulsion utile, une solution bas\u00e9e sur l'hydrog\u00e8ne vert ne permettrait d'en fournir qu'environ 30 \u00e0 40%, selon le syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n

L'ammoniac, dont l'utilisation est de plus en plus envisag\u00e9e pour le transport maritime, offre un stockage en vrac plus ais\u00e9 que l'hydrog\u00e8ne, mais entra\u00eene des pertes li\u00e9es \u00e0 la conversion et soul\u00e8ve d'importantes pr\u00e9occupations en mati\u00e8re de toxicit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le groupe maritime belge CMB.TECH a r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9montr\u00e9 son potentiel gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la Le \u00ab Mineral Europa \u00bb, premier vraquier \u00e0 cargaison s\u00e8che au monde fonctionnant \u00e0 l'ammoniac<\/a>, capable de transporter 210 000 tonnes de marchandises. Cependant, l'utilisation d'un carburant aussi toxique sur des ferries de passagers soul\u00e8verait des questions de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement d\u00e9licates.<\/p>\n

Pour un trajet court et pr\u00e9visible, avec des bornes de recharge aux deux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s, les batteries constituent donc probablement la solution la plus \u00e9conome en \u00e9nergie. L'hydrog\u00e8ne et les carburants alternatifs deviennent plus int\u00e9ressants \u00e0 mesure que les distances augmentent et que les possibilit\u00e9s de recharge diminuent.<\/p>\n

L'Europe embo\u00eete le pas avec des ferries \u00e9lectriques encore plus rapides<\/h4>\n

Cette technologie s'\u00e9tend d\u00e9j\u00e0 au-del\u00e0 de l'Am\u00e9rique du Sud. Incat construit actuellement trois catamarans \u00e9lectriques \u00e0 batterie de 129 m\u00e8tres pour l'op\u00e9rateur danois Molslinjen, chacun pouvant transporter pr\u00e8s de 1 500 passagers et 500 voitures \u00e0 une vitesse sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 40 n\u0153uds (74 km\/h). La mise en service du premier est pr\u00e9vue pour f\u00e9vrier 2028.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Chacun pourra accueillir environ 1 500 passagers et 500 voitures, et sera \u00e9quip\u00e9 d'une batterie de 45 MWh, avec une vitesse maximale pr\u00e9vue sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 40 n\u0153uds (74 km\/h). Une infrastructure de recharge capable de fournir des dizaines de m\u00e9gawatts sera n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n

Le constructeur naval australien est un pionnier dans le domaine des catamarans l\u00e9gers en aluminium \u00ab wave-piercing \u00bb depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980, une expertise qui lui conf\u00e8re aujourd\u2019hui un avantage dans le domaine de la propulsion \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 batterie, o\u00f9 chaque tonne \u00e9conomis\u00e9e compte.<\/p>\n

Son principal concurrent, le constructeur naval australien Austal, se tourne vers les technologies de carburants alternatifs pour d\u00e9velopper une nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de ferries \u00e0 grande vitesse. De leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, les chantiers navals norv\u00e9giens et n\u00e9erlandais se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 impos\u00e9s dans le domaine du transport maritime \u00e9lectrique sur les liaisons courtes.<\/p>\n

Ironie du sort, le \u00ab China Zorrilla \u00bb n\u2019a lui-m\u00eame pas pu effectuer le trajet entre son chantier naval australien et l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud en fonctionnant uniquement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique. Il a d\u00fb \u00eatre transport\u00e9 \u00e0 bord du navire de transport de charges lourdes de Boskalis. Marlin noir<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Ce contraste r\u00e9sume bien le d\u00e9fi auquel est confront\u00e9 le transport maritime. Les batteries permettent de propulser d\u2019\u00e9normes navires rapidement et sans \u00e9missions, mais uniquement sur des distances permettant un acc\u00e8s r\u00e9gulier \u00e0 des chargeurs puissants. Pour les navires de haute mer, la recherche d\u2019une alternative viable aux combustibles fossiles est loin d\u2019\u00eatre termin\u00e9e.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The world’s largest battery-electric ferry has begun carrying passengers between Argentina and Uruguay. With a massive 41 MWh battery, equivalent to more than 500 electric cars, the 130-meter catamaran marks a milestone in maritime electrification. But its relatively short 55-km route raises a bigger question: can batteries ever power ships across much longer distances, or […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":196677,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\r\n\r\n{excerpt}\r\n\r\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29,77149,77153,26,6,4,61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-196669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-hydrogen","category-maritime","category-public-transport","category-technology","category-top-stories-today","category-transport"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=2396%2C1256&ssl=1",2396,1256,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=300%2C157&ssl=1",300,157,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=640%2C335&ssl=1",640,335,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=640%2C336&ssl=1",640,336,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=1536%2C805&ssl=1",1536,805,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=2048%2C1074&ssl=1",2048,1074,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=18%2C9&ssl=1",18,9,true],"related-thumb":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1",640,480,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=400%2C400&ssl=1",400,400,true],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=600%2C600&ssl=1",600,600,true],"mailchimp":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?fit=560%2C294&ssl=1",560,294,true],"unipress-phone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=640%2C100&ssl=1",640,100,true],"unipress-tablet":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=1536%2C240&ssl=1",1536,240,true],"unipress-tablet-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=1536%2C180&ssl=1",1536,180,true],"unipress-tablet-landscape":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=2048%2C180&ssl=1",2048,180,true],"unipress-smartphone":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=1080%2C168&ssl=1",1080,168,true],"unipress-wide-screen":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newmobility.news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Scherm%C2%ADafbeelding-2026-10-27-om-09.40.53.png?resize=2396%2C180&ssl=1",2396,180,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"

The world’s largest battery-electric ferry has begun carrying passengers between Argentina and Uruguay. With a massive 41 MWh battery, equivalent to more than 500 electric cars, the 130-meter catamaran marks a milestone in maritime electrification. But its relatively short 55-km route raises a bigger question: can batteries ever power ships across much longer distances, or will hydrogen and alternative fuels have to take over? The China Zorrilla, a 130-meter aluminum catamaran built by Australian shipyard Incat Tasmania, completed its first commercial crossing between Buenos Aires and Colonia on October 22. Operated by Buquebus, it can carry 2,100 passengers and 225…<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Environment<\/a>, Hydrogen<\/a>, Maritime<\/a>, Public transport<\/a>, Technology<\/a>, Top Stories Today<\/a>, Transport<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"Joris Van Roy","url":"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/author\/jorisximcom-be\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","yoast_head":"\nWorld's largest electric ferry makes waves, but range remains challenge - newmobility.news<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newmobility.news\/fr\/2026\/10\/27\/worlds-largest-electric-ferry-makes-waves-but-range-remains-challenge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"World's largest electric ferry makes waves, but range remains challenge - newmobility.news\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The world’s largest battery-electric ferry has begun carrying passengers between Argentina and Uruguay. With a massive 41 MWh battery, equivalent to more than 500 electric cars, the 130-meter catamaran marks a milestone in maritime electrification. 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